【关键词】 黄河下游; 水沙变异; 纵横剖面; 响应; 【英文关键词】 The Lower Yellow River; Variations of Incoming Runoff and Sediment Load; Longitudinal Profile; Cross Sections; Response; 【中文摘要】 本论文根据河流动力学及河床演变学的基本原理,分析了黄河下游水文、泥沙及河道断面等大量实测资料,研究了黄河下游水沙变异和纵横剖面的响应,得到了如下四个方面的主要认识: (1) 黄河下游河道来水来沙及其变异的特性。得到了年沙量的变异和年水量的变异呈二次抛物线关系: W′_s=k_1W′~2+k_2W′+k_3 式中系数各水文站而有不同; 相邻两年年水量、年沙量的差值也呈二次抛物关系: ΔW_s=k_1ΔW~2+k_2ΔW+k_3 式中系数随各水文站而有不同。 (2) 黄河下游河道冲淤与水沙的变异密切相关。根据1961~1999年水文、泥沙及断面资料,分析了黄河下游各个时期河道的冲淤特点,包括冲淤数量、冲淤强度、冲淤纵向分布等。得到了各河段年冲淤量与年水量变异、年平均含沙量变异及年来沙系数变异等的关系,并用回归分析得到了各河段年冲淤量与年来水量、来沙量之间的表达式,各河段年冲淤量与年水量变异、年平均含沙量变异以及年来沙系数变异之间的表达式,以及相邻两年之间的冲淤量差值与年水量差值、年平均含沙量差值等之间的... 【英文摘要】 Based on the fundamental of River Dynamics and Fluvial Processes, this thesis analyses the characteristics of the variations of the incoming runoff and sediment load, longitudinal profile, and cross sections in the Lower Yellow River; this thesis also studies the responses of longitudinal profile and cross sections to variations of incoming runoff and sediment load. Following four main points have been acquired: (I) Based on the characteristics of the variations of the incoming runoff and sediment load i...
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