视景仿真技术在油田井下作业中的应用研究
摘  要
近年来，视景仿真技术引起了人们的广泛关注，不仅仅在军事领域、科技领域，而且在企业界，都成为了研究的热点。利用视景仿真技术可以构造出任何想象的环境，并且可以实现利用自然的方式与这种虚拟环境进行交流。本文旨在建立一套利用视景仿真技术开发的油田井下作业视景仿真系统。视景仿真系统具有信息容量大、多向演示、模拟生动、身临其境等显著特征，可以灵活准确地阐述抽象的井下作业理论知识与复杂的实践问题，并能瞬时反馈各种信息，提高用户的概念化理解能力和综合技术水平。
本文介绍了视景仿真技术的概念及其应用领域，并结合国内外研究现状阐述了本课题的研究意义和研究内容。介绍了由三维建模软件MultiGen和三维视景管理软件包OpenGVS组成的虚拟仿真开发平台，详细叙述了两个工具软件的性能、模块功能等主体内容，并且介绍了在软件的开发过程中所实现的关键技术，为后期的系统开发奠定了坚实的基础。
运用这一开发平台实现了基于桌面系统的油田井下作业视景仿真系统。设计过程中充分考虑到整个系统控制的实时性和三维模型的逼真性，实现过程中应用了当今最新的实时3D技术和面向对象技术。在此系统中不仅实现了对油田井下作业井场的模拟漫游，还实现了利用视景仿真技术把井下工具、井下作业工艺准确、直观地展现在用户面前，使工艺工程师能够清晰准确的观察井下作业的全过程，对各个工艺流程变量进行分析，利用现有的经验和统计数据对工艺进行评价，以便在此基础上进行参数优化，提高产品质量和生产效率。
把视景仿真技术应用于石油工业中是一种新的尝试，也是石油工业技术创新的一个必然趋势。
关键字：视景仿真；虚拟现实；三维建模；三维场景；井下作业

  Application of Visual Simulation in the Downhole Operation
ABSTRACT
Recently,the technology of Scene Simulation becomes one of researching hot spot both in the military technological circles,scientific technological circles and enterprises.We can construct any imaginabale environment by use of the technology of Scene Simulation, and we can alse implement communion with the suppositional environment by use of this natural mode.The purpose of this paper is to realize the downhole operation simulation system with the technology of Scene Simulation.It has the characteristics of great information capability,multiform demonstrate,lively simulation and the characteristic of being personally on the scene and so on,it can neatly and well and truly expatiate on the abstract theory of downhole operation and complicated practice question,some information can be feedbacked instantaneously, it can improve user`s understanding and the level of general technic.
This paper introduces the conception and applied field of the Scene Simulation,and expounds the research significance and content of this study according to the internal and external present conditions.It introduces two great development software which are MultiGen and OpenGVS and depicts the software performance,module function and so on. Alse introduces the key technologies in the exploitation of the software, it has provided a strong foundation for the future development.
The downhole operation simulation system is realized,which based on the desktop operating system using the software performance of MultiGen and OpenGVS.The real-time controlling and the verisimilitude 3D modeling are both considered sufficiently,and the fashionable 2D and 3D technologies and object oriented software technology are used in its design.In this system,we can not only realize simulate ramble for the downhole operation field,but alse realize setting the production tools and proceeding well and truly and intuitionistic out to the users,the engineer can clearly observe the whole processing of the downhole operation,analyse the variable of the process,appraise the process by use of the existing experience and statistic,and make them as the bases to optimize parameter,improve the quality and efficiency.
It’s a new experiment that utilizing of the Virtual Manufacturing in the petroleum industry, and it’s also an infallible tendency of the technology innovation in the petroleum industry.

Key: Scene Simulation; Virtual Reality;3D Modeling;3D Scenes;Downhole Operation
 
目  录
第1章 绪 论 1
1.1视景仿真技术概述 1
1.1.1视景仿真技术的概念 1
1.1.2视景仿真技术的应用领域 1
1.2视景仿真技术的国内外研究现状 2
1.3本课题的学术背景及现实意义 3
1.4本课题的研究内容 3
第2章 三维视景仿真系统的开发环境分析 5
2.1基于多边形的建模工具----MultiGen Creator 5
2.1.1MultiGen的性能 5
2.1.2层次结构视图 6
2.1.3MultiGen的功能模块 7
2.2高级三维图形软件包OpenGVS 9
2.2.1OpenGVS的性能 9
2.2.2OpenGVS的编程资源 9
2.2.3管理工具 10
2.2.4OpenGVS的软件层次 11
2.2.5OpenGVS的软件模块 11
第3章 三维视景仿真系统的关键技术研究 14
3.1视景生成过程 14
3.2视景三维建模技术 15
3.2.1几何建模 15
3.2.2运动建模 15
3.2.3物理建模 16
3.2.4对象行为建模 16
3.3多种纹理（Texture）技

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