xxx大学
毕 业 设 计（论文）

杂多酸光催化降解酸性品红燃料的研究

摘 要

染料废水具有有机物浓度高、组分复杂、难降解物质多、色度大、有毒等特点。本课题选取酸性品红染料为降解对象，试验研究了杂多酸光催化降解酸性品红反应的工艺条件，机理，以及用负载型杂多酸来改善催化环境，旨在寻找一种染料废水的环境友好处理新工艺。
对均相反应中杂多酸光催化降解酸性品红的影响因素进行研究，得出主要的影响因素依次为杂多酸种类、光照面积、光照距离、pH值、杂多酸用量、溶氧、搅拌速度、反应液初始浓度。对反应条件进行优化，得到均相反应最佳工艺条件为：杂多酸选取磷钨酸，紫外灯距离反应器5cm，初始反应液pH值2.0，杂多酸用量0.5g。对浓度为40mg/l的酸性品红溶液，在加入氧气搅拌的条件下，降解60min后，降解率可达77.9%。
研究了影响固载型杂多酸催化剂活性的主要因素，得到了固载型杂多酸催化剂的最优化制备条件为：载体为SiO2，浸渍时间30.0h，浸渍浓度0.10mol/l，烧结温度120℃，烧结时间120min。光催化降解品红测试结果表明降解率可达73.5%。试验考察了负载型杂多酸光催化剂的运行使用寿命，结果证实负载型催化剂活性生命时间不少于10.0h。负载型杂多酸光催化剂又具有增加催化剂的比表面积、增强催化剂的机械强度和热稳定性，活性组分易回收等优良特性，具有较好的实际利用价值。

关键词：固载型杂多酸催化剂，光催化降解，酸性品红 
ABSTRACT

The wastewater of dyestuff is characteristic with high concentration of organic substance, complex constitute, quantity of substance hard to reduce, heavy chroma and poisonous. Consequently, degradation of acid fuchsine from aqueous solutions through photocatalytic process that involves addition of a heteropolyacid catalyst was studied, as well as its optimum conditions in industry production and its mechanism. In order to improve the environment of catalyze process, supported heteropolyacid catalyst was also studied. The purpose was to develop a new treatment of the wastewater of the dyestuff, in amicable environment of the process.
Through experiment, the infection in environment was studied in the degradation of acid fuchsine from aqueous solutions through photocatalytic process that involves heteropolyacid catalyst. The factors were species of heteropolyacid, the area and distance of illumination, pH, and the dosage of heteropolyacid, soluble oxygen, the rate of mixture and the origin concentration of the solution. The optimum conditions in industry production was studied as follows, H3PW12O40 was the catalyst, the distance of the UV-light was 5cm, the origin pH of the solution was 2.0, the dosage of heteropolyacid was 0.5g.The efficiency of the degradation of acid fuchsine, which origin concentration was 40mg/l, from aqueous solutions through photocatalytic process was 77.9%, after 60 min.
Through experiment, the primary factors on the activity of supported heteropolyacid catalyst were studied. The optimum conditions in its preparation was studied as follows, carrier was silicon dioxide, the soakage time was 30h, the soakage concentration was 0.10mol/l, the agglomeration temperature was 120℃, and the agglomeration time was 120min. The efficiency of the degradation of acid fuchsine from aqueous solutions through photocatalytic process that involves supported heteropolyacid catalyst was 73.5%. The running lifetime of the supported heteropolyacid catalyst was also studied. The result was that the active lifetime was no less than 10.0h. Through supported heteropolyacid, homogeneous process can be turn to heterogeneous process and the recovery of the active component was easier. The surface area, the mechanical intension and the thermodynamic stability of catalyst can also be improved. Therefore, supported heteropolyacid catalyst has practical value in degradation of acid fuchsine from aqueous solutions through photocatalytic process.

KEY WORDS：Supported hetropolyacid catalyst，Photocatalytic degradation，Acid fuchsine

目 录
1  前言                                                  1
1.1 引言……………………………………………………………1
1.2 染料废水的性质及特点………………………………………2
1.3 光催化氧化法在染料废水处理中的应用……………………4
1.4 光催化氧化法的反应机理及动力学表述……………………5
1.5 杂多酸性质及其在治理环境污染物中的应用进展…………8
1.5.1 杂多酸的结构  ………………………………………9
1.5.2 杂多酸的性质 ………………………………………10
1.5.3 固载杂多酸在光催化降解中的应用 ………………11
1.6 本课题目的，意义及内容 …………………………………12
2  材料与方法
2.1 材料 …………………………………………………………14
     2.1.1 药品……………………………………………………14
     2.1.2 仪器……………………………………………………15
  2.2 实验方法 ……………………………………………………15
     2.2.1 品红贮备液的制备……………………………………15
     2.2.2 品红最大吸收峰的测定………………………………16
     2.2.3 品红溶液标准曲线绘制………………………………16
2.2.4 分光光度法求降解率的计算方法……………………17
     2.2.5 实验装置………………………………………………19
     2.2.6 实验步骤………………………………………………19
3   结果与讨论
3.1 均相反应中杂多酸光催化降解酸性品红染料的研究……20
3.1.1 杂多酸光催化降解酸性品红染料的空白实验………20
3.1.2 杂多酸光催化降解酸性品红染料的影响因素实验…22
    3.2 固载杂多酸光催化降解品红染料的研究…………………32
      3.2.1 制备条件对固载杂多酸负载量的影响实验…………32
      3.2.2 SiO2固载磷钨酸催化剂的红外光谱表征……………37
      3.2.3 TiO2固载磷钨酸催化剂降解品红实验………………37
      3.2.4 SiO2固载磷钨酸在降解品红溶液中的应用…………38
      3.2.5 固载型杂多酸催化剂的重复使用次数实验…………39
4  结论………………………………………………………………40
致谢 ……………………………………………………………………41
参考文献 ………………………………………………………………43
毕业设计小结 …………………………………………………………44

[1] [2] [3]  下一页