摘要
城市生活垃圾收费制度是解决垃圾污染环境的重要经济手段，科学地制定城市生活垃圾收费制度，将有助于改善环境，提高经济效益，促进社会公平，同时还有助于调动公众参与改善环境的积极性，从而有助于环境的可持续发展。我国起步阶段的垃圾收费制度，在环境和经济方面存在着诸多弊端，比如:只重垃圾末端治理而忽略垃圾的全程治理、缺乏科学性和系统性、缺乏对环境保护的激励手段、收费项目杂乱、交易成本高、缺乏公平性、缺乏评估机制等。
针对上述问题，本文从环境经济学理论角度，运用公共制度设计的原理和方法，对城市生活垃圾收费制度设计进行研究。本文共分八个部分:第一章引言介绍国内外研究现状及本文框架结构;第二章介绍国内外垃圾收费现状，指出我国收费制度存在的问题，并提出垃圾收费制度体系框架;第三章介绍有关垃圾收费的经济学理论和制度设计的理论;第四章分析生活垃圾收费制度的评价因子和建立评价模型;第五章以柳州市为例进行垃圾收费制度设计的案例分析，包括收费方式、计费依据、计费方式和收费标准等;第六章从环境效果、经济效率、公平性和可行性四个方面，对柳州生活垃圾收费制度进行实施前的预测评估:第七章主要介绍实施后的效果评估方法;第八章介绍与垃圾收费制度配套的一些制度和经济手段。
本文在以下方面做了有益的尝试，为我国垃圾收费制度设计提供了参考:1,提出了生活垃圾收费制度设计体系框架;2、建立了生活垃圾收费制度评价的初步模型;3、将公共物品定价模型灵活运用于生活垃圾收费制度实践中，为垃圾收费标准的制订和调整提供理论依据。由于本人理论知识相对薄弱，对问题的分析深度还有待进一步提高。
关键词:城市生活垃圾 垃圾税费 评价模型 定价模型 制度设计 制度评估

Abstract
Scientifically drawing up a new waste charge institution will help to improve environmental benefit, economic efficiency and fairness .At the same time, it will help to absorb people's activity to improve environment.So as to it will help to environmental continuous development. At present, there are many environmental and economic weaknesses on urban domestic waste charge institution in China. For example, only pay attention to the end of handling waste but neglect the whole course; lack scientific and systematic institution; lack encouraging measure of environmental protection; charge item be in a jumble; cost of trade be high ;lack fair; lack evaluation institution and so on. Charging waste is one of important economic ways of disposing of environmental pollutions.
Around above questions, in environmental economics' view and with the theory and ways of public institution design, this paper study designing waste charge institution. This paper discuss with eight parts: The first chapter introducepresent situation of study at home and abroad; The second part introducepresent situation of waste charge at home and abroad ,point questions of waste charge in our country, and propose the system of designing waste charge institution; The third part introduce and propose economics' and institutional theory about waste charge; The forth part analyze evaluation factors and build up evaluation model; The fifth part, taking Liuzhou City as example, illustrate that how to design waste charge institution， including charge style, valuating basis, valuating style and charge standard and so on. The sixth parts predict results before enforcement in four aspects: like environmental benefit, economic efficiency, fairness and feasibility. The seventh part analyze the ways of evaluation after enforcement; The last part introduce relevant institutions and economic ways.
This paper has done useful try in following aspects: 1 .Proposing the system of designing waste charge institution; 2. Building up the evaluation model;3.Public goods price model be used flexibly for waste charge. These try have provided reference for designing waste charge institution in our country. But because of my knowledge is limited，some problem still await deep research.
Keywords: urban waste charge; waste tax or charge; valuation model; price model; institution design; institution evaluation.