【摘要 (中文/英文)】 粮食是关系到国计民生的重要产品,粮食产量的变化关系到国家和地区的粮食安全问题。近年来,我国粮食总产量连续下降,引起了国家的重视。为了刺激粮食生产,我国在农业部门进行了一系列改革,包括增加对农民的生产补贴,减轻农民税费负担。 从2004年开始,我国在全国范围内实施了粮食生产直接补贴、良种补贴、农机购置补贴、农资综合直补等一系列农业补贴政策。其中最重要的是粮食生产直接补贴政策。认真研究粮食直接补贴政策对粮食生产的影响并提出改进措施,不仅具有积极的现实意义,而且能够推动政策设计和政策调整的科学化和定量化。 农民收入问题关系到农村的改革、发展和稳定。“三农”问题的核心是...更多农民收入问题。农民收入的提高,城乡居民收入差距的缩小,直接关系到我国工业化、现代化进程,关系到国民经济持续、快速、健康发展。而农民收入的提高离不开国家财政的支持,直接补贴和农民收入两者之间有着什么样的关系,是本文所要研究的内容之一。 本文研究内容主要包括以下几个方面: 1、直接补贴政策的理论分析。包括直接补贴政策的经济学分析;直接补贴政策实施背景、直接补贴政策的理论和现实依据分析等。 2我国粮食直接补贴政策的实施状况概述。主要包括我国粮食补贴的政策演变,我国目前粮食直接补贴现状、主要方式及评价。 3直接补贴政策对我国粮食生产影响分析。通过分析粮食生产的影响因素,建立包含政策变量的生产函数模型和供给反函数模型,综合研究我国粮食生产中具有重要作用的多种因素及其作用机理,探寻粮食增长的源泉,并根据估计结果将各变量对粮食生产增长的贡献进行分解,分析粮食直接补贴政策的效果。 研究表明,播种面积、劳动和资本投入、直接补贴对粮食产出有显著的正影响。播种面积的扩大对于粮食产出的增加具有重要的促进作用,是影响粮食生产主要的因素;税费的减免能够促使粮食产出的显著增加;粮食直接补贴政策对不同粮食品种的有不同的影响。 4直接补贴政策对我国农民收入影响分析。通过农民收入的阶段性、结构性和主要影响因素分析,建立包含政策变量的经济增长模型,分析包括直接补贴政策在内的各种因素对农民收入的影响。 研究表明:直接补贴对农民收入有正的影响,直接补贴额的增加能促进农民收入的增加,但增加幅度不是很大;财政支农支出、农村剩余劳动力的转移、耕地面积三个因素都对农民收入有较显著的正的影响;农业税费负担对农民收入有负的影响。 文章最后提出稳定粮食价格支持政策;优化粮食直接补贴政策;推进工业化、城镇化步伐,打破城乡二元结构,转移农村剩余劳动力;加大国家对农业的投入;严格保护耕地等政策措施。 

 Grain is an important product to the people's livelihood, food production related to the changes in national and regional food security. In recent years, the continuous decline in China's grain output has aroused national attention. In order to stimulate grain production, China in the agricultural sector carried out a series of reforms, including increased production subsidies to farmers and reduced their tax burden. Sence 2004, China implemented a nationwide direct subsidies to grain production, improved subsidies, the purchase of agricultural machinery subsidies and a series of agricultural subsidies policy. One of the most important policy is the direct subsidies to grain production. Seriously study the direct grain subsidies on food production and Proposed improved measures not only has a strong practical significance, but also be able to promote the policy design and adjustment scientific and quantitative. The problem of farmers' income related to reform,development and stability in rural areas, the core problem of the Three Rural Issues is to increase the income of peasants. Increase the farmers' income and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents , direct bearing on China's industrialization and modernization process, related to the national economy's sustained, rapid and healthy development. And raise the income of farmers is inseparable from national financial support, and what kind of relationship between direct subsidies and the income of farmers is the study contents of the paper. The major contents of this paper to the following aspects: 1, The theoretical analysis of the direct subsidy policy, including the economic analysis of direct subsidies; the background of the implementation of direct subsidies, theoretical and practical analysis of direct subsidies. 2, The situation of China's directly grain subsidies policies. Mainly include the changes of China's grain subsidies, current status of China direct subsidies and the main form of assessment. 3, Impact analysis between direct subsidies and grain production. By analyzing the influencing factors of food production, establish production function model and the supply of anti-function model including policy variable, comprehensive study variety of factors that plays important role in China's grain production in the and its mechanisms to explore the source of grain growth, and the estimated results will be on the variable contribution to the growth of grain production decomposition, through it to analyze the effect of direct subsidies policy. Research shows that the sown area, labor and capital inputs, direct subsidies have significant effect for grain output, the expansion of the sown area pay an important role on the increase in grain production,it is the major factor grain production; tax relief to farmers can significantly increase grain output and direct subsidies policy play significantly impact on food production. 4,Impact analysis between direct subsidies and fanners revenue. Through the analysis of periodic and structural factors and the main impact analysis, establish economic growth model to analyze the impact of various factors including direct subsidies to the income of farmers. Research shows that direct subsidies has a positive impact on the increase of fanner's income. Increase the amount of direct subsidies can stimulate the increase of the income for farmers, however, the rate of increase is not very great. The factors of Financial support for agriculture spending, the transfer of surplus rural labor force, Arable land all have positive impact on the income of the farmers, agricultural tax burden has a negative impact on the income of the farmers. The article finally made to stabilize grain price support policy; optimize the grain direct subsidy policy; promoting the process of industrialization and urbanization pace, break the urban and rural structure to transfer of rural surplus labor force; increase the state input in agriculture; strictly protect fannland and other policy measures.

[1] [2]  下一页