【关键词】 建筑装饰; 骑马雀替; 木雕;

【英文关键词】 the decoration of the construction; sparrow brace in the shape of a horse; woodcarving;

【中文摘要】 骑马雀替多在门头两柱之间、额枋之下,是古建筑特色构件之一,在清代演变为纯装饰构件,形式内容丰富。乔家大院木雕骑马雀替装饰具有典型的清代民居木雕雕刻装饰风格特点。由于现存乔家大院的木雕残缺不全,工艺大多采用透雕手法,材料耐用性较实心材质相差甚远,因此,对乔家大院的木雕装饰艺术品的保护与研究具有重要意义。 乔家大院木雕骑马雀替装饰艺术与文化价值紧密地结合在一起,其题材内容丰富,文化象征涵义深刻,在祈福纳祥的背后具有昭显其身份和地位的作用。乔家大院木雕骑马雀替艺术品在装饰性与写实性,装饰作用与独立欣赏价值的矛盾中求得统一,充分显示了晋商大院独特的建筑装饰艺术魅力。

【英文摘要】 The sparrow brace in the shape of a horse, usually built between two gate posts and under the eave, is a special feature of ancient architectures. In the Qing dynasty, it changed into ornaments with diverse forms and contents. The sparrow brace decorations in the Qiao courtyard are typical woodcarvings of the Qing dynasty. Because moswoodcarvings in the Qiao courtyard have been damaged, the technique used is to penetrate the wood, which makes it less solid than the solid material. So it is very important to...